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(No Model.)

H. S. WILLIAMS.

BINDER FOR PAMPHLETS, &c. No. 274,429. Patented Mar.20,1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY S. WILLIAMS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T EDWABID L. SHIPMAN AND JAMES D. SHIPMAN, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

vBINDER FOR PAMPHLETS, 80G.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent'hlo. 274,429, dated March 20, 1883.

' Application filed August .16, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY S. WILLIAMS, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Binders for Pamphlets, 8.30.; and Ido hereby declare that the following is 'a full and exact description thereof, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a partof LO this specification.

My-invention relates to binders or binding covers for pamphlets, papers, 850., in which the matter to be bound is confined and held fast between metallic stubs hinged to the edges of the cover by means of suitable devices adapted to secure the loose sheets or books to the stubs.

1t hasforits object re-enforcing and strengthenin g the edges of a binding-cover constructed so with a flexible back, so as to facilitate and render more secure the hinging of bindingstubs there-to; and it consists in combining with the continuous metallic stubs by which the papers are confined a continuous length of wire bound upon the edge of the cover, either by means of a strip of cloth led from one side of the cover to the other around the wire, or by means of a strip of thin sheet metal led around the wire and riveted to the cover,

7 so as to form not only the terminal edgepf the cover, but to furnish also a continuous pin upon which the straps for the hinges of the stubs may he pivoted, each at such point or points along the entire length of the edge as may be 5 found most desirable.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in perspective of the flexible back and a portion of the covers of a binder fitted with metallic stubs hinged to my improved re-en- 4o forced edges.

in line as a: of Fig. 1, illustrating the method of securing the ire-enforcing wire to the edge of the cover; Fig. 3, a transverse section in line 3 y of Fig. 1, iilustratiug the method of hing- 5 ing the metallic stub to the re-enforcing wire. Fig. 4 is a plan view, and Fig. 5 a transverse section illustrating a modification in the mode of securing the re-enforcing wire to the edge of the cover. so A represents the cover, and B the flexible Fig. 2 is a transverse section back, of a portfolio or hinder, to be made of any required size, form, or style. I

O is a wire of a diameter slightly-less than the thickness of the cover, so that when laid along its edge it sh all cover said edge,withont, 5 5 however, projecting beyond the same on either side. This wire is fitted closely and snugly along and against the entire length of the inner edge of the cover, so as to bind, stifien, support, and protect it. and is confined thereon and securely held in position upon it by means of a flexible strip, D, of muslin or other equivalent material, which is carried around the outer edge of the wire along its entire length, and doubled back upon the two faces of the cover, upon which it is securely pasted down. This binding-strip D, which is represented by the solid black lines in Figs. 2 and 3, is thus secured to the cover and the re-enforcing wire confined thereby along its edge before the facings or outer linings, c c, of the cover are pasted down thereon, so that the strip is overlapped and measurably concealed by said facings, as shown in Figsr2 and 3. By means of this re-enforcing wire firmly united to the edge of the cover I am enabled to readily hinge thereto the metallic stubs F, which are employed to confine and bind the sheets between the covers. The hinging is simply produced by bending around the wire straps G G, projecting for the purpose from the stubs. As this may be accomplished equally well at any point along the length of the wire, any number of straps may thus be employed to hinge the stub to the cover, and the straps may be located indilferently at any desired points along the length of the stub. Wherever a strap G is to be thus wound about the wire 0 to form a hinge, the bindingstrip D is cut away from the wire, and the go edge of the cover is slightly recessed to admit of a free play of the hinge.

The hinge-straps G may be riveted to the metallic stub F by means of eyelets, which will serve the purpose of providing apertures 5 through which to insert either flexible metallic tongues H, as shown in the drawings, and which is the form of fastening found in the Russell patent binders, or binding-cords, as in the Emerson binders, these devices for fast 10c ening the loose sheets between the stubs forming, however, no part of my invention.

In the modification of my invention illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 the re-enforcing wire is held and bound closely and firmly upon and against the edge of the cover by means of a thin metallic plate or strip, K, one edge of which is riveted or' otherwise secured to one face of the cover, and the other edge enfolded about the wire 0, so as to support it against the edge of the cover. In this case the edge of the cover is not only covered and-protected by the wire tied against it, but is, furthermore, strengthened and protected by the strip K, which clasps and supports the wire. Wherever it is desired to hinge one of the straps which project from the stub F to the wire thus supported, a section of the strip K equal in width to the strap is cut away from the wire, and the strap is simply bent around the portion of the wire thus exposed, as shown at W in Fig. 5. Instead of riveting a separate strappiece G to the stub F, as shown in Fig. 1, the strap-pieces may be stamped or cut out in one piece with the stub-strip, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

By the use of my invention the stubs'F F are firmly connected with the'covers A A by means of metallic fastenings, which hold the inside of the bound matter,.whether it consists of one paper or of a full volume, firmly to the back of the cover, so that there is no liability in the material thus bound to sag or become loose from constant use.

The straight metal wire 0, attached closely and positively to. the inner edge of the board or cover, and adapted toconstitute an essential part of the hinges for the stub, permits a neater and stronger volume to be made up therewith, as the papers, by means of this wire, are attached more closely and firmly to the back of cover. As every part of the binding device may thus'be made of metal, no part thereof will lose its tension, and the volume thus bound must remain as secure and perfect as a permanent binding;

I do not claim, broadly, the combination, with the edge of the lid in a book, of a wire secured thereto by the cloth or outer cover of the lid; nor do I claim the use of such a wire in the permanent binding of books, nor in connection with a rigid metallic back in a tempo-' rary binder. My invention relates wholly to a binder constructed with a flexible back, and adapted to firmly secure and bind loose sheets by a device admitting of their ready detachment and removal.

I claim as my invention The combination, with the inner edge of each cover A in a flexible-backed binder for papers, pamphlets, 850., and with a continuous metallic binding-stub, F, adapted to coact therewith, of a wire, O, firmly secured against and to said inner edge to re-enforce the same and provide a ready means for hinging the stub thereto, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

In testimony whereofi have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HENRY S. WILLIAMS.

Witnesses: DANIEL R. GARDEN, DAVID ,A. BURR. 

